158 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
158 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
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# webman-throttle
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## 作用
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通过本中间件可限定用户在一段时间内的访问次数，可用于保护接口防爬防爆破的目的。
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## 安装
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```composer require yzh52521/webman-throttle```
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安装后会自动为项目生成 config/plugin/yzh52521/throttle/app.php (***注意:任何时候你都不应该修改最后一行的 hash注释***)配置文件，安装后组件不会自动启用，需要手动设置。
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## 开启
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插件以中间件的方式进行工作，因此它的开启与其他中间件一样，例如在全局中间件中使用:
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```
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<?php
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//cat config/middleware.php
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return [
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// 全局中间件
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'' => [
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// ... 这里省略其它中间件
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app\middleware\Throttle::class,
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]
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];
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```
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## 配置说明
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```
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<?php
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// cat config/plugin/yzh52521/throttle/app.php
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// 中间件配置
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return [
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// 缓存键前缀，防止键值与其他应用冲突
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'prefix' => 'throttle_',
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// 缓存的键，true 表示使用来源ip (request->getRealIp(true))
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'key' => true,
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// 要被限制的请求类型, eg: GET POST PUT DELETE HEAD
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'visit_method' => ['GET'],
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// 设置访问频率，例如 '10/m' 指的是允许每分钟请求10次。值 null 表示不限制,
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// eg: null 10/m 20/h 300/d 200/300
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'visit_rate' => '100/m',
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// 响应体中设置速率限制的头部信息，含义见：https://docs.github.com/en/rest/overview/resources-in-the-rest-api#rate-limiting
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'visit_enable_show_rate_limit' => true,
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// 访问受限时返回的响应( type: null|callable )
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'visit_fail_response' => function (Throttle $throttle, Request $request, int $wait_seconds): Response {
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return response('Too many requests, try again after ' . $wait_seconds . ' seconds.', 429);
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},
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/*
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* 设置节流算法，组件提供了四种算法：
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* - CounterFixed ：计数固定窗口
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* - CounterSlider: 滑动窗口
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* - TokenBucket : 令牌桶算法
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* - LeakyBucket : 漏桶限流算法
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*/
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'driver_name' => CounterFixed::class,
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// Psr-16通用缓存库规范: https://blog.csdn.net/maquealone/article/details/79651111
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// Cache驱动必须符合PSR-16缓存库规范，最低实现get/set俩个方法 (且需静态化实现)
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// static get(string $key, mixed $default=null)
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// static set(string $key, mixed $value, int $ttl=0);
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//webman默认使用 symfony/cache作为cache组件(https://www.workerman.net/doc/webman/db/cache.html)
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'cache_drive' => support\Cache::class,
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//使用ThinkCache
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//'cache_drive' => think\facade\Cache::class,
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];
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```
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当配置项满足以下条件任何一个时，不会限制访问频率：
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```key === false || key === null || visit_rate === null```
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其中 key 用来设置缓存键的, 而 visit_rate 用来设置访问频率，单位可以是秒，分，时，天。例如：1/s, 10/m, 98/h, 100/d , 也可以是 100/600 （600 秒内最多 100 次请求）。
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### 灵活定制
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###### 示例一：针对用户个体做限制,key的值可以设为函数，该函数返回新的缓存键值(需要Session支持)，例如：
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```
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'key' => function($throttle, $request) {
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return $request->session()->get('user_id');
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},
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```
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###### 实例二：在回调函数里针对不同控制器和方法定制生成key，中间件会进行转换:
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```
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'key' => function($throttle, $request) {
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return implode('/', [
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$request->controller,
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$request->action,
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$request->getRealIp($safe_mode=true)
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]);
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},
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//'key' => 'controller/action/ip' //上述配置的快捷实现
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```
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###### 示例三：在闭包内修改本次访问频率或临时更换限流策略：(PS：此示例需要本中间件在路由中间件后启用，这样预设的替换功能才会生效。)
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```
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'key' => function($throttle, $request) {
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$throttle->setRate('5/m'); // 设置频率
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$throttle->setDriverClass(CounterSlider::class);// 设置限流策略
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return true;
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},
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```
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###### 示例四：在路由中独立配置
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```
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Route::any('/api/driver-ocr', [ app\api\controller\Ocr::class, 'driver'])->middleware([
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app\middleware\Throttle::class
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]);
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//正确使用向中间件传参例子 （Webman-framework >= 1.3.16）
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Route::group('/path', function() {
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//路由注册
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...
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})->setParams(['visit_rate' => '20/m',
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...
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...
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])->middleware(\app\middleware\Throttle::class);
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```
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## 注意：
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1、Webman-framework >= 1.3.16 支持路由向中间件传参 使用 $route->param() 方法
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2、禁止访问时，throttle 默认是抛出 HttpResponseException, 当前插件场景下将正常响应一个httpResponse（即不会主动:Throw Exception），特殊需求请在 "visit_fail_response" 匿名函数中配置
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## 申明
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本库提取于[think-throttle v1.3.x](https://github.com/top-think/think-throttle)
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